【高考英语语法填空题技巧】高考英语中的“语法填空”题型是考生在考试中容易失分的题型之一，主要考察学生对英语语法知识的掌握程度以及语言运用能力。这类题目通常给出一段文字，其中若干个词被删除或用空格代替，要求考生根据上下文和语法规则填写正确的单词形式。
为了帮助考生更好地应对这一题型，以下将从常见考点、解题思路和答题技巧等方面进行总结，并以表格形式清晰展示答案。
一、常见考点归纳
| 考点类型 | 说明 | 示例 |
| 时态与语态 | 动词的时态变化、被动语态等 | He was (be) tired after the race. |
| 非谓语动词 | 不定式、动名词、分词等 | She enjoys reading (read) novels. |
| 冠词与介词 | 定冠词、不定冠词、介词搭配 | He is a (a/an) student. |
| 名词与代词 | 可数/不可数名词、单复数、代词指代 | There are two (one/two) books on the table. |
| 形容词与副词 | 比较级、最高级、副词修饰动词等 | She runs faster (fast) than her brother. |
| 连词与从句 | 并列连词、从属连词、宾语从句等 | I don’t know whether (if/whether) he will come. |
| 固定搭配 | 常见短语、习语等 | She is interested (interest) in music. |
二、解题思路与技巧
1. 通读全文，理解大意
在开始填空前，先快速浏览整段文字，了解文章主题和逻辑关系，有助于判断空格处可能需要的词性。
2. 分析句子结构
确定空格所在句子的主语、谓语、宾语等成分，从而判断所需词性（如动词、名词、形容词等）。
3. 注意上下文逻辑
有些题目需要结合前后文来判断答案，尤其是涉及代词、连词或从句的题目。
4. 关注时态和语态
如果空格前有时间状语或上下文提示，需注意动词的时态变化。
5. 熟悉固定搭配
一些题目考查的是常见的动词+介词、形容词+名词等固定结构，需要积累相关表达。
6. 检查答案是否符合语法和语义
填完后再次通读，确保答案在语法和语义上都合理。
三、典型例题解析
原文：
The teacher asked the students to finish their homework before they left the classroom. But one of the students, Lily, said she couldn’t do it because she had forgotten her notebook at home.
填空题：
The teacher asked the students to finish their homework before they left the classroom. But one of the students, Lily, said she couldn’t do it because she had forgotten her notebook at home.
答案解析：
- “left” → 正确，表示“离开教室”，过去时态。
- “had forgotten” → 正确，表示“已经忘记”，过去完成时。
- “her” → 正确，代词，指代Lily的笔记本。
四、总结表格
| 题目 | 答案 | 考点 | 解析 |
| The teacher asked the students to finish their homework before they left the classroom. | left | 时态 | 表示“离开”，过去时 |
| But one of the students, Lily, said she couldn’t do it because she had forgotten her notebook at home. | had forgotten | 时态 | 表示“已经忘记”，过去完成时 |
| She is interested in music. | interested | 形容词 | 表示“对……感兴趣” |
| He enjoys reading novels. | reading | 非谓语动词 | 动名词作宾语 |
| I don’t know whether he will come. | whether | 连词 | 引导宾语从句 |
通过以上技巧和练习，考生可以更有效地应对高考英语语法填空题。建议多做真题训练，积累常见考点，提升语言敏感度和逻辑推理能力。